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IS IT ADHD?... OR IS IT SOMETHING ELSE?

October 8, 2018

Could it be ADHD, or is my child struggling with Concentration Deficit Disorder (sluggish cognitive tempo / slow processing)?

Research has shown us that there is a subset of individuals who have very specific behavioral, concentration, and cognitive problems like individuals who have ADHD/Inattentive Type but are different from those with the inattentive form of ADHD.

Individuals with sluggish tempo because medications or concentration deficit disorder generally have most of the following symptoms:

  • Seems distracted, "spacey," lost in thoughts
  • Daydreaming, stares a lot
  • Drowsy and sleepy appearance
  • Slow to complete tasks
  • Does not process questions or explanations accurately
  • Cognitive slowing, mentally foggy, easily confused
  • Trouble staying awake and alert
  • Physical under activity
  • Lacks initiative and/or effort fades
  • Apathetic/withdrawn
  • Loses track of thoughts, forgets what he or she was going to say
Most of the research on individuals who have this symptom cluster have been on college students. The following associations have been found:
  • Academic impairment, anxiety, & depression
  • Worse sleep quality
  • Decreased psychological and physical quality of life
  • Emotional dysregulation
  • Executive dysfunction, especially with self-organization and problem-solving
  • High impairments in combination with ADHD
Clinicians and parents need to be aware that people who present with attention, distractibility, concentration and executive functioning problems can have different levels of physical and mental activity, ranging from hyperactivity to very low activity. It is important to differentiate ADHD/inattentive individuals from sluggish cognitive tempo types because these individuals respond differently to medications and to psychosocial interventions.

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One of the most difficult aspects of parenting toddlers is knowing how to manage the behaviors they exhibit as they learn to communicate their feelings. For many parents, biting and hitting are at the top of that list. Read on for tips on what to do when your child bites or hits... Self-talk . Say to yourself, “I don’t like that they bit/hit and hurt someone else, but I can teach them other ways to express their feelings.” Empathy. Ask yourself, “Wouldn’t I have a hard time expressing myself when I’m mad or upset if I didn’t have the language to do that, or the ability to problem solve in non-aggressive ways? I know how my child feels!” Teach . Young children learn very early that their hands and teeth are powerful weapons that elicit an equally powerful reaction when used. However, this can cause lots of problems for you and your child. The key is to teach your child that biting and hitting hurt and there are other ways to express feelings without hurting others. Tell yourself, “I can teach my child how to respect others and use words to express feelings. I know it will take time and patience, but they can learn.” When your child bites or hits, provide a brief teaching statement, such as “No bite. Biting hurts” and give them a word or action within their skill abilities to replace the biting. For example, “You can say ‘no hug’ instead” or “you can walk away.” When you do this, you are teaching your child how his behavior affects others and what else they can do instead. Reinforce. Practice by setting your phone timer for 5 minutes (or longer or shorter, depending on how long you think your child can play with another child without your motivating praise) and say, “When you have played gently with Jack until the phone timer sounds, we can read your favorite book together. You are getting along so well.” Offering a reward as an incentive for self-control discourages conflict. Praise. When children (even siblings) are getting along, it’s important to praise their effort frequently. Simple statements, such as, “Good taking turns,” or “You are playing so nicely together,” reminds them of the goal of getting along vs. fighting. Teach compromise. When conflict arises, say, “Let’s find a way to let both of you play with that toy. I’ll use my phone timer to tell us when it’s your turn to play with it.” Your child can learn patience as they wait their turn, as well as problem solving and compromise—instead of biting or hitting. What not to do: Don’t hurt your child. Biting/hitting back and spanking are all behaviors you don’t want them to learn, so don’t use them. Don’t overreact. Getting upset when your child bites or hits keeps you from problem solving. Keep yourself calm by using calming self-talk. Say to yourself, “This is a problem we can solve. I just need to stay calm to do it.” Don’t threaten. Threatening your child creates fear but doesn’t teach the behavior you want. Instead, simply say, “Let’s work on ways you can get what you want without hurting someone.” Source: Behavior Checker from the Raised with Love and Limits Foundation
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